【英语介词的用法】介词是英语中非常重要的语法成分,它用来表示名词或代词与其他词之间的关系,如时间、地点、方向、方式等。正确使用介词可以使句子更清晰、准确。以下是对英语介词常用用法的总结。
一、常见介词及其基本含义
| 介词 | 常见含义 | 示例 |
| at | 在(具体时间/地点) | at 8 o'clock, at the park |
| in | 在(某段时间/地点内) | in the morning, in China |
| on | 在(某天/表面) | on Monday, on the table |
| to | 向,到,对于 | go to school, a gift to you |
| from | 从,来自 | from Beijing, from my friend |
| by | 通过,被,到(某时间前) | by train, by the time |
| with | 和……一起,具有 | with my friends, with a pen |
| about | 关于,大约 | about the weather, about 100 people |
| for | 为了,持续 | for you, for two hours |
| as | 作为,像 | as a teacher, as if |
| like | 像,像……一样 | like a book, look like |
| over | 在……上方,超过 | over the roof, over 50 years |
| under | 在……下方 | under the bed |
| between | 在……之间 | between you and me |
| among | 在……之中 | among the group |
| through | 穿过,通过 | through the forest, through the window |
| during | 在……期间 | during the meeting |
| after | 在……之后 | after lunch |
| before | 在……之前 | before class |
| since | 自从 | since 2020 |
| until | 直到 | until tomorrow |
| except | 除了 | except for the rain |
| including | 包括 | including him |
| without | 没有 | without help |
二、介词的常见搭配与用法
1. 时间介词
- at: 具体时间点(at 3 PM)
- in: 月份、年份、季节(in July, in 2024, in winter)
- on: 具体某一天或日期(on Monday, on May 1st)
- for: 表示一段时间(for two hours)
- since: 自从(since 2020)
- from...to...: 从……到……(from Monday to Friday)
2. 地点介词
- at: 小地点(at the door)
- in: 大范围(in the city)
- on: 表面或位置(on the table)
- over: 在……上方(over the bridge)
- under: 在……下方(under the tree)
- between: 两者之间(between A and B)
- among: 三者或以上之间(among the students)
3. 其他常见用法
- with: 和……一起(with my family)
- without: 没有(without water)
- by: 通过(by email)
- about: 关于(about the news)
- like: 像……一样(like a friend)
三、注意事项
- 有些动词后面必须接特定的介词,如:
- look at something
- listen to music
- depend on someone
- 一些介词可以表示多种意思,需根据上下文判断。例如:
- on 可以表示“在……上”(on the desk)、“关于”(on the topic)、“在……方面”(on business)等。
- 介词不能单独作谓语,必须和名词或代词连用。
四、小结
介词虽小,但作用巨大,掌握其基本用法和常见搭配是提高英语表达能力的关键。通过不断练习和积累,可以更加自然地运用介词,使语言表达更加地道和准确。


